UNIT ROOT TESTS WITH STRUCTURAL BREAKS
Structural breaks are shocks which are exogenous to the model but have a lasting effect. They can even be endogenous to the data generating process too. They mislead unit root tests to accept the null of unit root when in fact it is stationary. Ignorance of structural breaks can distort power of tests and lead to deceptive conclusions. In real world, structural breaks can be caused by many factors, including changes in policy regime or important worldwide events, e.g., the Great Depression, World War II, oil price shock, Covid19.
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